WHO CONTROLS THE INTERNET ?

The Internet, a loosely-organized international collaboration of autonomous, interconnected network, support host-to-host communication through voluntary adherence to open protocols and procedures defined by internet standards.

Although the above definition is fundamentally correct, it conveys that no one is at the helm of the internet.
But in real  sense, some protocol is, and the parameters required for their usage, are essential in order to work on the Internet. A number of bodies are responsible for maintaining those protocol standard and parameters and these bodies steer the Internet in a significant sense. a brief description of these bodies is as follows.  

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1. INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR ASSIGNED NAMES AND NUMBERS ( ICANN )

To reach another person on the internet, you have to type an address into your computer - a name or a number. that address has to be unique so computers know where to  find each other.
ICANN coordinate these unique identifiers across the world. Without this coordination, we wouldn't have one global internet.

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2. INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE

The Internet Engineering Task Force ( IETF ) is a larger open International community of network designers, operator, vendors and researches concerned with the evolution of internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet. It is open to any interested individual. The actual technical work of the IETF is done in its working groups, which are organized by topic in several areas ( e.g.  Routing, transport, security etc. ). The IEFT working groups are grouped into area, and managed by Area Director, or Ads. The Ads are member of the Internet Engineering Steering Groups ( IESG ). Providing architectural oversight is the Internet Architecture   Board, ( IAB ). The IAB also adjudicates appeals when someone complains that the IESG has failed. The IAB and IESG are chartered by the Internet Society ( ISOC ) for these purposes. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ( IANA ) is the central coordinator for the assignment of unique parameter values for internet protocols. The IANA is chartered by the Internet Society (ISOC)

to act as the clearinghouse to assign and coordinate the use of numerous Internet protocol parameters.

3. WORLD WIDE WEB CONSORTIUM

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The World Wide Web Consortium ( W3C ), is an international community that developed standards to ensure the long-term growth of the web. Founded and headed by Sir Tim Berners-Lee, the consortium is made up of member organization which maintain full-time staff for the purpose of working togeather in 

the development of standards for the World Wide Web. It is also

engaged in education and outreach, develops software and serves

as an open forum for discussion about the web

HOW INTERNET WORKS

The primary objective of internet is to exchange information between different location. The rules for this exchange are called PROTOCOL. The protocol on internet is TCP/IP (Transmission control protocol/Internet Protocol  ) which is actually a name for set of many rules framed to connect computer in a wide-area-network, a network which is establish between computers across cities or countries. Isn't it amazing that what we send will be received at the desired destination correctly. But this whole process is not simple way.

All computer which are having access to net are joined with each other through cable or satellite. All these computer use a NETWORK PROTOCOL so as to understand each other in LAN or WAN.

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CABLE ACCESS                        or                           SATELLITE ACCESS

Internet provide a common language for all the attached computer. Different network communicating with each other uses same protocol. The most common protocol are:

•  Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP )
• Internet Protocol ( IP )

Commonly the are  called TCP/IP protocol. The information we send is broken into packet by TCP/IP is responsible for these packets to the right address. They are send to a local Internet Service Provider ( ISP ). From here the packets travel though multiple levels of networks ,computer and communication lines before reaching  the destination. This destination may be our own town or any where in the world. At the destination, TCP software  again reassemble the packet into a big and complete message. REPEATERS amplify the data from becoming weak during its long journey. ROUTERS are the key players in managing the Internet traffic. They always ensure that the data should reach at its destination Internet is also know as packet-switched network because it uses TCP/IP.